Word

Definition

ACCEPTED ENGINEERING PRACTICE

That which conforms to accepted principles, tests or standards of nationally recognized technical or scientific authorities.

ACCESS (to

That which enables a fixture, appliance or equipment to be reached by ready access or by a means that first requires the removal or movement of a panel, door or similar obstruction.  see "Ready access"

ACCESS COVER

A removable plate, usually secured by bolts or screws, to permit access to a pipe or pipe fitting for the purposes of inspection, repair or cleaning.

ACCESSIBLE

Having access to, but which first may require the removal of a panel, door or similar covering of the item described. See READILY Accessible.

ADAPTER FITTING

An approved connecting device that suitably and properly joins or adjusts pipes and fittings which do not otherwise fit together.

ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITY

The individual, official, board, department, or agency established and authorized by a state, county, city or political subdivision created by law to administer and enforce the provision of the code as adopted or amended.

AIR ADMITTANCE VALVE

One-way valve designed to allow air to enter the plumbing drainage system when negative pressures develop in the piping system. The device shall close by gravity and seal the vent terminal at zero differential pressure (no flow conditions) and under positive internal pressures. The purpose of an air admittance valve is to provide a method of allowing air to enter the plumbing drainage system without the use of a vent extended to open air and to prevent sewer gases from escaping into a building.

AIR BREAK (DRAINAGE SYSTEM)

A piping arrangement in which a drain from a fixture, appliance or device discharges indirectly into another fixture, receptacle or interceptor at a point below the flood level rim.

AIR CONDITIONING

The treatment of air so as to control simultaneously its temperature, humidity, cleanness, and distribution to meet the requirements of a conditioned space.

AIR GAP (DRAINAGE SYSTEM)

The unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the outlet of the waste pipe and the flood level rim of the receptacle into which the waste pipe is discharging.

AIR GAP (WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM)

The unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe or faucet supplying water to a tank, plumbing fixture or other device and the flood level rim of the receptacle.

AIR MIXER

That portion of an injection (Bunsen) type burner into which the primary air is introduced.

AIR SHUTTER

An adjustable device for varying the size of the primary air inlet or inlets.

Also see CONSUMERS' GAS PIPING

ALTERNATIVE ENGINEERED DESIGN

A plumbing system that performs in accordance with the intent of Chapters P3 through P13 and provides an equivalent level of performance for the protection of public health, safety and welfare. The system design is not specifically regulated by Chapters P3 through P13.

ANCHORS

See "Supports."

AND/OR

In a choice of two code provisions, signifies that use of both provisions will satisfy the code requirement and use of either provision is acceptable also.

ANTISIPHON

A term applied to valves or mechanical devices that eliminate siphonage.

APPLIANCE EQUIPMENT

Any device which utilizes gas as a fuel or raw material to produce light, heat, power, refrigeration, air conditioning or to generate a chemical atmosphere.

APPLIANCE FLUE

The flue passages within the appliance.

APPLIANCE, AUTOMATICALLY CONTROLLED

Appliances equipped with an automatic burner ignition and safety shut-off device and other automatic devices which accomplish complete turn-on and shut-off of the gas to the main burner or burners, and graduate the gas supply to the burner or burners, but do not affect complete shut-off of the gas.

APPLIANCES FOR VENTED FIREPLACE

A self contained, free-standing, fuel-gas burning appliance designed for installation only in a vented fireplace and whose primary function lies in the esthetic effect of the flame.

APPLIANCES FOR VENTED FIREPLACE Coal basket

An open-flame type appliance consisting of a metal basket filled with simulated coals which gives the appearance of a coal fire when in operation.

APPLIANCES FOR VENTED FIREPLACE Fireplace insert

Consists of an open-flame radiant-type appliance mounted in a decorative metal panel to cover the fireplace or mantel opening and having provisions for venting into the fireplace chimney.

APPLIANCES FOR VENTED FIREPLACE Gas log

An open flame type appliance consisting of a metal frame or base supporting simulated logs.

APPLIANCES FOR VENTED FIREPLACE Radiant appliance

An open front appliance designed primarily to convert the energy in fuel gas to radiant heat by means of refractory radiant or similar radiating materials.

APPRENTICE

APPROVED

Approved by the gas official or other authority having jurisdiction.

APPROVED

Approved by the code official or other authority having jurisdiction.

AREA DRAIN

A receptacle designed to collect surface or storm water from an open area.

ASPIRATOR

A fitting or device supplied with water or other fluid under positive pressure that passes through an integral orifice or constriction, causing a vacuum. Aspirators are also referred to as suction apparatus, and are similar in operation to an ejector.

AUTOMATIC GAS SHUTOFF DEVICE

A device constructed so that the attainment of a water temperature in a hot water supply system in excess of some predetermined limit acts in such a way as to cause the gas to the system to be shut off. It may be constructed integrally with the shut-off device or be a separate assembly.

AUTOMATIC IGNITION

Means which provide for ignition of the gas at the burner when the gas burner valve controlling the gas to that burner is turned on, and which affect re-ignition if the flames on the burner have been extinguished by means other than closing the gas burner valve.

AUTOMATIC PILOT

See SAFETY SHUTOFF DEVICE.

BACKFLOW Backpressure

Pressure created by any means in the water distribution system, which by being in excess of the pressure in the water supply mains causes a potential backflow condition.

BACKFLOW Backpressure

low head, A pressure less than or equal to 4.33 psi  (29.88 kPa) or the pressure exerted by a 10-foot (3048 rom) column of water.

BACKFLOW Backsiphonage

The backflow of potentially contaminated water into the potable water system as a result of the pressure in the potable water system falling below atmospheric pressure of the plumbing fixtures, pools, tanks or vats connected to the potable water distribution piping.

BACKFLOW CONNECTION

Any arrangement whereby backflow is possible.

BACKFLOW  PREVENTER

A device or means to prevent backflow.

BACKWATER VALVE

A device or valve installed in the building drain or sewer pipe where a sewer is subject to backflow, and which prevents drainage or waste from backing into a low level or fixtures and causing a flooding condition.

BAFFLE

An object placed in an appliance to change the direction of or retard the flow of air, air-gas mixtures, or flue gases.

BALL COCK

A water supply valve, opened or closed by means of a float or similar device, utilized to supply water to a tank. An anti siphon ball cock contains an anti siphon device in the form of an approved air gap or vacuum breaker that is an integral part of the ball cock unit and that is positioned on the discharge side of the water supply control valve.

BASE FLOOD ELEVATION

A reference point, determined in accordance with the building code, based on the depth or peak elevation of flooding, including wave height, which has a I-percent (1OO-year flood) or greater chance of occurring in any given year.

BATHROOM

A room containing a bathtub or shower for use by a person to bathe or cleanse one's self, located in or adjacent to a residence, apartment, hotel, motel, or similar type building.

BATHROOM GROUP

A group of fixtures, including or excluding a bidet, and consisting of a water closet, lavatory, and bathtub or shower. Such fixtures are located together on the same floor level.

BEDPAN STEAMER OR BOILER

A fixture utilized for scalding bedpans or urinals by direct application of steam or boiling water.

BEDPAN WASHER AND STERILIZER

A fixture designed to wash bedpans and to flush the contents into the sanitary drainage system. Included are fixtures of this type that provide for disinfecting utensils by scalding with steam or hot water.

BEDPAN WASHER HOSE

A device supplied with hot and cold water and located adjacent to a water closet or clinical sink to be utilized for cleansing bedpans.

BOILER

A self-containing gas burning appliance for supplying hot water or low pressure steam, primarily intended for domestic and commercial space heating application.

BRANCH

Any part of the piping system except a riser, main or stack.

BRANCH INTERVAL

A distance along a soil or waste stack corresponding in general to a story height, but not less than 8 feet (2438 mm), within which the horizontal branches from one floor or story of a structure are connected to the stack.

BRANCH LINE

Gas piping which conveys gas from a supply line to the appliance.

BRANCH VENT

A vent connecting one or more individual vents with a vent stack or stack vent.

BRAZING

A metal joining process wherein coalescence is produced by the use of a nonferrous filler metal having a melting point above 1,000¦ F (538 C) but lower than that of the base metal being joined. The filler material is distributed between the closely fitted surfaces of the joint by capillary attraction.

BRITISH THERMAL UNIT

British thermal unit which is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one pound (454 g) of water 1 degree (0.55 C) Fahrenheit (1 BTU = 1055 J).

BROILER UNIT

A separate appliance, a general term including broilers, salamanders, barbecues, and other devices cooking primarily by radiated heat, excepting toasters.

BUILDING

Any structure occupied or intended for supporting or sheltering any occupancy.

BUILDING DRAIN

That part of the lowest piping of a drainage system that receives the discharge from soil, waste and other drainage pipes inside and that extends 30 inches (762 mm) beyond the walls of the building and conveys the drainage to the building sewer.

BUILDING DRAIN Combined

A building drain that conveys both sewage and storm water or other drainage.

BUILDING DRAIN Sanitary

A building drain that conveys sewage only.

BUILDING DRAIN Storm

A building drain that conveys storm water or other drainage, but not sewage.

BUILDING PIPING GAS

The gas piping from the point where it enters the building or foundation to and including the outlets. This is applicable where the gas meter is located some distance from the building or LP gas is delivered without a meter. The gas piping from the gas meter to and including the outlets. This is applicable where the gas meter is located in or immediately adjacent to the building.

BUILDING SEWER

That part of the drainage system that extends from the end of the building drain and conveys the discharge to a public sewer, private sewer, individual sewage disposal system or other point of disposal.

BUILDING SUBDRAIN

That portion of a drainage system that does not drain by gravity into the building sewer.

BUILDING TRAP

A device, fitting or assembly of fittings installed in the building drain to prevent circulation of air between the drainage system of the building and the building sewer.

BURNER

A device for the final conveyance of the gas, or a mixture of gas and air, to the combustion zone.

BURNER Atmospheric injection type

A burner in which the air at atmospheric pressure is injected into the burner by a jet of gas.

BURNER Injection (Bunsen) type

A burner employing the energy of a jet of gas to inject air for combustion into the burner and mix it with the gas.

BURNER Luminous or yellow flame

A burner in which secondary air only is depended on for the combustion of the gas.

BURNER Power

A burner in which either gas or air or both are supplied at pressures exceeding, for gas, the line pressure, and for air, atmospheric pressure, this added pressure being applied at the burner.

BURNER Pre-mixing

A power burner in which all or nearly all of the air for combustion is mixed with the gas as primary air.

BURNER Pressure

A burner which is supplied with an air-gas mixture under pressure (usually from 0.5 to 14 inches of water [124 to 3483 Pa] and occasionally higher).

CENTRAL FURNACE

A self-contained, gas burning appliance for heating air by transfer of heat of combustion through metal to the air, and designed to supply heated air through ducts to spaces remote from or adjacent to the appliance location.

CENTRAL FURNACE Down flow forced air type

A furnace designed with air flow essentially in a vertical path, discharging air at or near the bottom of the furnace.

CENTRAL FURNACE Forced air type

A central furnace equipped with a fan or blower which provides the primary means for circulation of air.

CENTRAL FURNACE Gravity type

A central furnace depending primarily on circulation of air by gravity.

CENTRAL FURNACE Gravity type with integral fan

A central furnace equipped with a fan or blower as an integral part of its construction and operable on gravity systems only. The fan or blower is to be used only to overcome the internal furnace resistance to air flow.

CENTRAL FURNACE Horizontal forced air type

A furnace designed for low headroom installation with air flow through the appliance essentially in a horizontal path.

CENTRAL FURNACE Up flow forced air type,

A furnace designed with air flow essentially in a vertical path, discharging air at or near the top of the furnace.

CENTRAL HEATING GAS APPLIANCE

A vented gas-fired appliance comprising the following classes as defined herein: boiler, central furnace, floor furnace, or vented wall furnace.

CHIMNEYS Factory-built chimneys

Chimneys that are factory made, listed by a nationally recognized testing agency, for venting gas appliances, gas incinerators, and solid or liquid fuel burning appliances.

CHIMNEYS Masonry

Field constructed chimneys built in accordance with nationally recognized codes or standards.

CHIMNEYS Metal

Chimneys made of metal ofO.135-inch (3.43 mm) minimum, galvanized or painted, unless suitably corrosion resistant, properly welded or riveted and built in accordance with nationally recognized codes or standards.

CIRCUIT VENT

A vent that connects to a horizontal drainage branch and vents two traps to a maximum of eight traps or trapped fixtures connected into a battery.

CISTERN

A small covered tank for storing water for a home or farm. Generally, this tank stores rainwater to be utilized for purposes other than in the potable water supply, and such tank is placed underground in most cases.

CLEANOUT

An access opening in the drainage system utilized for the removal of obstructions. Types of cleanouts include a removable plug or cap, or a removable fixture or fixture trap.

CLOSED WATER PIPING SYSTEM

A system of water piping where a check valve or other device prevents the free return of water or steam to the water main.

CLOTHES DRYER

A device used to dry wet laundry by means of heat derived from the combustion of fuel gases.

CLOTHES DRYER Type 1

Factory-built package, multiple produced. Primarily used in family living environment. Mayor may not be coin-operated for public use. Usually the smallest unit physically and in function output.

CLOTHES DRYER Type 2

Factory-built package, multiple produced. Used in business with direct intercourse of the function with the public. Mayor may not be operated by the public or hired attendant. Mayor may not be coin operated. Not designed for use in individual family living environment. May be small, medium or large in relative size.

CODE

Regulations, subsequent amendments thereto, or any emergency rule or regulation that the administrative authority having jurisdiction has lawfully adopted.

CODE OFFICIAL

The officer or other designated authority charged with the administration and enforcement of this code, or a duly authorized representative.

COMBINATION FIXTURE

A fixture combining one sink and laundry tray or a two- or three-compartment sink or laundry tray in one unit.

COMBINATION WASTE AND VENT SYSTEM

A specially designed system of waste piping embodying the horizontal wet venting of one or more sinks or floor drains by means of a common waste and vent pipe adequately sized to provide free movement of air above the flow line of the drain.

COMBINED BUILDING DRAIN

See "Building drain, combined."

COMBINED BUILDING SEWER

See "Building sewer, combined."

COMBUSTIBLE CONSTRUCTION

A wall or surface constructed of wood, composition, or of wooden studding and lath and plaster.

COMBUSTION

The rapid oxidation of fuel gases accompanied by the production of heat, or heat and light.

COMBUSTION CHAMBER

The portion of an appliance within which combustion occurs.

COMBUSTION PRODUCTS

Constituents resulting from the combustion of a fuel with the oxygen of the air, including the inerts but excluding excess air.

COMMON VENT

A vent connecting at the junction of two fixture drains or to a fixture branch and serving as a vent for both fixtures.

CONCEALED FOULING SURFACE

Any surface of a plumbing fixture which is not readily visible and is not scoured or cleansed with each fixture operation.

CONCEALED GAS PIPING

Piping which, when in place in the finished building, would require removal of permanent construction to gain access to the piping.

CONDENSATE

The liquid which separates from a gas (including flue gas) due to a reduction in temperature. Also called condensation.

CONDENSING FURNACE

A furnace or boiler which condenses part of the water vapor generated by the burning of hydrogen in fuels and in which the fraction of the total latent heat remaining in the flue gases after condensation is less than unity.

CONDUCTOR

A pipe inside the building that conveys storm water from the roof to a storm or combined building drain.

CONFINED SPACE

A space whose volume is less than 50 cu ft per 1,000 Btu per hour (4.83 m3/kW) of the aggregate input rating of all appliances installed in that space.

CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS

All of the written, graphic and pictorial documents prepared or assembled for describing the design, location and physical characteristics of the elements of the project necessary for obtaining a building permit. The construction drawings shall be drawn to an appropriate scale.

CONSUMERS' GAS PIPING

All gas piping and fittings extending from the point of delivery to the outlets, exclusive of piping, meters, regulators, valves, fittings, etc., owned by the gas company, and exclusive of tanks, piping, meters, regulators, valves, fittings, etc., installed for the purpose of storing, delivering or regulating LP gas at pressures in excess of the pressure normally delivered to appliances. This includes yard line and/or building piping.

CONTAMINATION

An impairment of the quality of the potable water that creates an actual hazard to the public health through poisoning or through the spread of disease by sewage, industrial fluids or waste.

CONTROL

A device designed to regulate the gas, air, water, or electrical supply to a gas appliance. It may be manual or automatic.

CONVERSION BURNER

A burner designed to supply gaseous fuel to an appliance originally designed to utilize another fuel.

CRITICAL LEVEL   (C-L)

An elevation (height) reference point that determines the minimum height at which a backflow preventer or vacuum breaker is installed above the flood level rim of the fixture or receptor served by the device. The critical level is the elevation level below which there is a potential for backflow to occur. If the critical level marking is not indicated on the device, the bottom of the device shall constitute the critical level.

CROSS CONNECTION

Any physical connection or arrangement between two otherwise separate piping systems, one of which contains potable water and the other either water of unknown or questionable safety or steam, gas or chemical, whereby there exists the possibility for flow from one system to the other, with the direction of flow depending on the pressure differential between the two systems.   (see "Backflow").

CUBIC FOOT of GAS

The amount of gas which occupies 1 cu ft (0.02832 m3) when at a temperature of 60OP (16 C), saturated with water vapor and under a pressure equivalent to that of 30 inches of mercury (101 kPa).

DEAD END

A branch leading from a soil, waste or vent pipe; a building drain; or a building sewer, and terminating at a developed length of 2 feet (610 mm) or more by means of a plug, cap or other closed fitting.

DECORATIVE APPLIANCE, VENTED

A vented appliance whose only function lies in the esthetic effect of the flames.

DEMAND

The maximum amount of gas required per unit of time, usually expressed in cubic feet per hour, or Btu per hour (1 Btu per hour = 0.2931 Watts), required for the operation of the appliance or appliances supplied.

DEPTH OF WATER SEAL

The depth of water that would have to be removed from a full trap before air could pass through the trap.

DEVELOPED LENGTH

The length of a pipeline measured along the centerline of the pipe and fittings.

DILUTION AIR

Air which enters a draft hood or draft regulator and mixes with flue gases.

DIRECT GAS-FIRED MAKE-UP AIR HEATER

A heater used to temper make-up air in which all the heat and products of combustion generated by the gas burner are released into the air stream being heated.

DIRECT VENT APPLIANCES

Appliances which are so constructed and installed that all air for combustion is derived from and all flue gases are discharged to the outside atmosphere.

DISCHARGE PIPE

A pipe that conveys the discharges from plumbing fixtures or appliances.

DIVERSITY FACTOR

Ratio of the maximum probable demand to the maximum possible demand.

DRAFT HOOD

A device built into an appliance, or made a part of the vent connector from an appliance, which is designed to (1) insure the ready escape of the products of combustion in the event of no draft, back draft, or stoppage beyond the draft hood; (2) prevent a back draft from entering the appliance; and (3) neutralize the effect of stack action of the vent upon the operation of the appliance.

DRAFT REGULATOR

A device which functions to maintain a desired draft in the appliance by automatically reducing the draft to the desired value.

DRAIN

Any pipe that carries waste water or water-borne wastes in a building drainage system.

DRAIN-WASTE-VENT

The system of pipes to safely convey water and waste from fixtures to the building's sewerage outlet.

DRAINAGE

A reversal of flow in the drainage system

DRAINAGE FITTINGS

A special type of fitting or fittings utilized in the drainage system. Drainage fittings are similar to cast-iron fittings, except that instead of having a bell and spigot, drainage fittings are recessed and tapped to eliminate ridges on the inside of the installed pipe.

DRAINAGE FIXTURE UNIT

A measure of the probable discharge into the drainage system by various types of plumbing fixtures. The drainage fixture-unit value for a particular fixture depends on its volume rate of drainage discharge, on the time duration of a single drainage operation and on the average time between successive operations.

DRAINAGE SYSTEM

All of the piping within a public or private premises that conveys sewage, rainwater or other liquid wastes to a point of  disposal. A drainage system does not include the mains of public sewer systems or a private or public sewage treatment or disposal plant.

DRIP

The container placed at a low point in a system of piping to collect condensate and from which the condensate may be removed.

DRY GAS

A gas having a moisture and hydrocarbon dew point below any normal temperature to which the gas piping is exposed.

DUCT FURNACE

A furnace normally installed in distribution ducts or air conditioning systems to supply warm air for heating. This definition shall apply only to an appliance which depends for air circulation on a blower not furnished as part of the furnace.

EFFECTIVE OPENING

The minimum cross-sectional area at the point of water supply discharge, measured or expressed in terms of the diameter of a circle or, if the opening is not circular, the diameter of a circle of equivalent cross-sectional area. For faucets and similar fittings, the effective opening shall be measured at the smallest orifice in the fitting body or in the supply piping to the fitting

ESCUTCHEON

Any decorative threaded flange below or behind a faucet handle. Also an ornamental plate used at the base of a faucet to cover additional holes on a lavatory or kitchen sink.

ESSENTIALLY NONTOXIC TRANSFER FLUIDS

Fluids having a Gosselin rating of 1, including propylene glycol; mineral oil; polydimethylsiloxane;  hydrochlorofluorocarbon, chlorofluorocarbon and hydrofluorocarbon refrigerants; and FDA-approved boiler water additives for steam boilers.

ESSENTIALLY TOXIC TRANSFER FLUIDS

Soil, waste or gray water and fluids having a Gosselin rating of 2 or more including ethylene glycol, hydrocarbon oils, ammonia refrigerants and hydrazine.

EXCESS AIR

Air which passes through the combustion chamber and the appliance flues in excess of that which is theoretically required for complete combustion.

EXISTING INSTALLATIONS

Any plumbing system regulated by this code that was legally installed prior to the effective date of this code, or for which a permit to install has been issued.

EXPOSED PIPING

Gas piping which will be in view in the finished structure.

FAUCET

A valve end of a water pipe by means of which water is drawn from or held within the pipe.

FINAL

Installation of all the fixtures and the prepration for the use of the plumbing system by the owner.

FIRING VALVE

A valve of the plug and barrel type designed for use with gas, and equipped with a lever handle for manual operation and a dial to indicate the percentage of opening.

FIXTURE

See "Plumbing fixture."

FIXTURE BRANCH

A drain serving two or more fixtures that discharges to another drain or to a stack.

FIXTURE DRAIN

The drain from the trap of a fixture to a junction with any other drain pipe.

FIXTURE FITTING

A fitting that is attached to or accessible from a fixture and controls the volume and/or directional flow of water to, or conveys water from, that fixture.

FIXTURE SUPPLY

The water supply pipe connecting a fixture to a branch water supply pipe or directly to a main water supply pipe

FLAME Bunsen

The flame produced by premixing some of the air required for combustion with the gas before it reaches the burner ports or point of ignition.

FLAME SAFEGUARD

A device which will automatically shut off the gas supply to a main burner or group of burners when the means of ignition of such burners becomes inoperative, and when flame failure occurs on the burner or group of burners.

FLAME Yellow, luminous or non-bunsen

The flame produced by burning gas without any premixing of the air with the gas.

FLOOD LEVEL RIM

The edge of the receptacle from which water overflows.

FLOOD ZONES

Flood-hazard zone (A Zone). Areas that have been determined to be prone to flooding but not subject to high-velocity waters or wave action. High-hazard zone (AV Zone). Areas of tidal influence that have been determined to be subject to wave heights in excess of 3 feet (914 mm) or subject to high-velocity wave run-up or wave-induced erosion.

FLOOR FURNACE

A completely self-contained unit furnace suspended from the floor of the space being heated, taking air for combustion from outside this space, and with means for observing flames and lighting the appliance from such space.

FLOOR FURNACE Fan type

A floor furnace equipped with a fan which provides the primary means for circulating air.

FLOOR FURNACE Gravity type

A floor furnace depending primarily upon circulation of air by gravity. This classification shall also include floor furnaces equipped with booster type fans which do not materially restrict free circulation of air by gravity flow when such fans are not in operation.

FLOW PRESSURE

The pressure in the water supply pipe near the faucet or water outlet while the faucet or water outlet is wide open and flowing.

FLUE COLLAR

That portion of an appliance designed for the attachment of the draft hood or vent connector.

FLUE EXHAUSTER

A device installed in and made a part of the vent which will provide a positive induced draft.

FLUE GASES

Products of combustion plus excess air in appliance flues or heat exchangers (before the draft hood or draft regulator).

FLUSH TANK

A tank designed with a ball cock and flush valve to flush the contents of the bowl or usable portion of the fixture.

FLUSHOMETER TANK

A device integrated within an air accumulator vessel that is designed to discharge a predetermined quantity of water to fixtures for flushing purposes.

FLUSHOMETER VALVE

A valve attached to a pressurized water supply pipe and so designed that when activated it opens the line for direct flow into the fixture at a rate and quantity to operate the fixture properly, and then gradually closes to reseal fixture traps and avoid water hammer.

GAS COMPANY

The organization operating the gas distribution system, or supplying the gas fuel that is being used.

GAS CONVENIENCE OUTLET

A permanently mounted manually operated device that provides the means for connecting an appliance to, and disconnecting an appliance from, the gas supply piping. The device includes an integral, manually operated gas valve with a nondisplaceable valve member and is designed so that disconnection can be accomplished only when the manually operated gas valve is in the closed position.

GAS COUNTER APPLIANCES

Appliances such as gas operated coffee brewers and coffee urns and any appurtenant water heating equipment, food and dish warmers, hot plates, griddles, waffle bakers and other appliances designed for installation on or in a counter.

GAS HOSE

A gas conduit which depends for tightness on joint packing, or on any wall structure other than that formed by a continuous one-piece metal tubing member.

GAS OFFICIAL

See ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORllY.

GAS VENTS Single-wall metal

Vents constructed of sheet copper not less than 0.024-inch (0.61 mm) or 0.040-inch (1.02 mm) minimum galvanized steel or other approved noncombustible corrosion resistant material.

GAS VENTS Type B

Factory made gas vents listed by a nationally recognized testing agency for venting listed or approved appliances equipped to burn only gas.

GAS VENTS Type BW

Factory made gas vents listed by a nationally recognized agency for venting listed or approved gas fired vented wall furnaces.

GAS VENTS Type L

Factory made gas vents listed by a nationally recognized testing agency for venting listed or approved appliances equipped to bum gas or oil.

GRAVITY

See SPECIFIC GRAVIY.

GREASE INTERCEPTOR

An interceptor whose rated flow exceeds 50 gpm and is located outside the building.

GREASE TRAP

An interceptor whose rated flow is 50 gpm or less and is located inside the building.

HANGERS

See "Supports."

HEATING VALUE, TOTAL

The number of BTU's produced by the combustion, at constant pressure, of 1 cu ft (0.0283 m3) of gas when the products of combustion are cooled to the initial temperature of the gas and air, when the water vapor formed during combustion is condensed, and when all necessary corrections have been applied.

HELPER

1. aid, assistance; also a source of aid  2: remedy, relief;

3: one who assists another  4: the services of a paid worker

HORIZONTAL BRANCH DRAIN

A drainage branch pipe extending laterally from a soil or waste stack or building drain, with or without vertical sections or branches, that receives the discharge from two or more fixture drains or branches and conducts the discharge to the soil or waste stack or to the building drain.

HORIZONTAL PIPE

Any pipe or fitting that makes an angle of less than 45 degrees (0.79 rad) with the horizontal.

HOT WATER

Water at a temperature greater than or equal to 120 F (49 C)

HOTEL AND RESTAURANT RANGE

A gas appliance of the floor type providing for top cooking, roasting, baking or broiling, or any combination of top cooking with any of these other functions and not designed specifically for domestic use.

HOUSE PIPING

See BUILDING PIPING

HOUSE TRAP

See "Building trap."

IGNITION PILOT

A pilot that operates during the lighting cycle and discontinues during main burner operation.

INCINERATOR, DOMESTIC GAS-FIRED

A domestic appliance used to reduce combustible refuse material to ashes and which is manufactured, sold and installed as a complete unit.

INDIRECT WASTE PIPE

A waste pipe that does not connect directly with the drainage system, but that discharges into the drainage system through an air break or air gap into a trap, fixture, receptor or interceptor.

INDIVIDUAL SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM

A system for disposal of domestic sewage by means of a septic tank, cesspool or mechanical treatment, designed for utilization apart from a public sewer to serve a single establishment or building.

INDIVIDUAL VENT

A pipe installed to vent a fixture trap and connects with the vent system above the fixture served or terminates in the open air.

INDIVIDUAL WATER SUPPLY

A water supply, except an approved public water supply, that serves one or more families.

INFRARED RADIANT HEATER

A heater which directs a substantial amount of its energy output in the form of infrared radiant energy into the area to be heated. Such heaters may be of either the vented or unvented type.

INTERCEPTOR

A device designed and installed to separate and retain for removal, by automatic or manual means, deleterious, hazardous or undesirable matter from normal wastes, while permitting normal sewage or wastes to discharge into the drainage system by gravity.

INTERMITTENT PILOT

A pilot that operates during the ignition cycle and continues during main burner operation, but is shut off at other times.

IRON PIPE SIZE

Now refered to as NPT in most applications. IPS stand for Iron Pipe Size, although most pipe is no longer iron. Both NPT and IPS refer to a the typical standard measure for threaded pipe with a tapered thread.

JOINT - Expansion

A loop, return bend or return offset that provides for the expansion and contraction in a piping system and is utilized in tall buildings or where there is a rapid change of temperature, as in power plants, steam rooms and similar occupancies.

JOINT - Flexible

Any joint between two pipes that permits one pipe to be deflected or moved without movement or deflection of the other pipe.

JOINT - Mechanical

See "Mechanical joint."

JOINT - Slip

A type of joint made by means of a washer or a special type of packing compound in which one pipe is slipped into the end of an adjacent pipe.

JOINT, PLASTIC ADHESIVE

A joint made in thermoset plastic piping by the use of an adhesive substance which forms a continuous bond between the mating surfaces without dissolving either one of them.

JOINT, PLASTIC HEAT FUSION

A joint made in thermoplastic piping by heating the parts sufficiently to permit fusion of the materials when the parts are pressed together.

JOINT, PLASTIC SOLVENT CEMENT

A joint made in thermoplastic piping by the use of a solvent or solvent cement which forms a continuous bond between the mating surfaces.

LABELED

Devices, equipment or materials to which have been affixed a label, seal, symbol, or other identifying mark of a nationally recognized testing laboratory, inspection agency or other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of the production of the above labeled items and by whose label the manufacturer attests to compliance with applicable nationally recognized standards. Equipment, devices, fixtures or materials bearing the label of an approved agency.

LEAD-FREE PIPE AND FITTINGS

Containing not more than 8.0 percent lead.

LEAD-FREE SOLDER AND FLUX

Containing not more than 0.2 percent lead.

LEADER

An exterior drainage pipe for conveying storm water from roof or gutter drains to an approved means of disposal.

LIMIT CONTROL

A device responsive to changes in pressure or temperature or level for turning on, shutting off, or throttling the gas supply to an appliance.

LISTED

Equipment or materials included in a list published by a nationally recognized testing laboratory, inspection agency or other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equipment or materials, and whose listing states either that the equipment or material meets nationally recognized standards or has been tested and found suitable for use in a specific manner. The means for identifying the listed equipment may vary for each testing laboratory, inspection agency, or other organization concerned with product evaluation, some of which do not recognize equipment as listed unless it is also labeled.

LOCAL VENT STACK

A vertical pipe to which connections are made from the fixture side of traps and through which vapor or foul air is removed from the fixture or device utilized on bedpan washers.

MAIN

The principal pipe artery to which branches are connected.

MAIN BURNER

A device or group of devices essentially forming an integral unit for the final conveyance of gas or a mixture of gas and air to the combustion zone, and on which combustion takes place to accomplish the function for which the appliance is designed.

MAIN VENT

The principal artery of the venting system, to which the vent branches may be connected.

MANIFOLD

See "Plumbing appurtenance."

MEASURED GAS

Gas which has passed through and the volume of which has been measured by a meter, or gas which has been otherwise measured such as by weight or volume.

MECHANICAL DRAFT VENTING SYSTEM

A venting system designed to remove flue or vent gases by mechanical means, which may consist of an induced draft portion under nonpositive static pressure and/or a forced draft portion under positive static pressure.   a. Induced draft venting system. A portion of a venting system using a fan or other mechanical means to cause the removal of flue or vent gases under nonpositive static vent pressure. b. Forced draft venting system. A portion of a venting system using a fan or other mechanical means to cause the removal of flue or vent gases under positive static vent pressure. c. Power venting system. See FORCED DRAFT VENTING SYSTEM.

MECHANICAL JOINT

A connection between pipes, fittings, or pipes and fittings is not screwed, caulked, threaded, soldered, solvent cemented, brazed or welded. A joint in which compression is applied along the centerline of the pieces being joined. In some applications, the joint is part of a coupling, fitting or adapter.

MEDICAL GAS SYSTEM

The complete system to convey medical gases for direct patient application from central supply systems (bulk tanks, manifolds and medical air compressors) through piping networks with pressure and operating controls, alarm warning systems, and related components, and extending to station outlet valves at patient use points.

MEDICAL VACUUM SYSTEMS

A system consisting of central-vacuum-producing equipment with pressure and operating controls, shutoff valves, alarm- warning systems, gauges and a network of piping extending to and terminating with suitable station inlets at locations where patient suction may be required.

METER

The instrument installed to measure the volume of gas delivered through it.

MOBILE HOME

A vehicular, portable structure built on a chassis and designed to be used without a permanent foundation as a dwelling when connected to indicated utilities.

MODULATING

Modulating or throttling is the action of a control from its maximum to minimum position in either predetermined steps or increments of movement as caused by its actuating medium.

NATIONAL PIPE THREAD

National Pipe Thread, a standard method of sizing tapered threaded pipe.

NATIONAL PIPE THREAD STRAIGHT

A standard method of sizing straight threaded pipe.

NATIONAL SANITATION FOUNDATION

A testing laboratory.

NATURAL DRAFT VENTING SYSTEM

A venting system designed to remove flue or vent gases under non positive static vent pressure entirely by natural draft.

NIPPLE

A short length of pipe or tubing.

NONPOTABLE WATER

Water not safe for drinking or personal or culinary utilization.

NUISANCE

Public nuisance as known as common law or in equity jurisprudence; whatever is dangerous to human life or detrimental to health; whatever structure or premises is not sufficiently ventilated, sewer, drained, cleaned or lighted, with respect to its intended occupancy; and whatever renders the air or human food or drink or water supply unwholesome.

OCCUPANCY

The purpose for which a building or portion thereof is utilized or occupied.

OFFSET

A combination of approved bends that makes two changes in direction bringing one section of the pipe out of line but into a line parallel with the other section.

OPEN AIR

Outside the structure.

ORIFICE

The opening in a cap, spud or other device whereby the flow of gas is limited and through which the gas is discharged to the burner.

ORIFICE CAP (HOOD)

A movable fitting having an orifice which permits adjustment of the flow of gas by the changing of its position with respect to a fixed needle or other device.

ORIFICE SPUD

A removable plug or cap containing an orifice and which permits adjustment of the flow of gas either by substitution of a spud with a different sized orifice or by the motion of a needle with respect to it.

OUTLET

A threaded connection or bolted flange in a pipe system to which a gas burning appliance is or may be attached. Outlets must be located in the room or space where the appliance is or may be installed.

OXYGEN DEPLETION SAFETY SHUT -OFF

A system designed to act to shut off the gas supply to the main and pilot burners if the oxygen in the surrounding atmosphere is reduced below a predetermined level.

PILOT

A small flame which is utilized to ignite the gas at the main burner or burners.

Pipe

A rigid conduit of iron, steel, copper, brass, or plastic.

PIPING

Where the word piping is used in this code, it refers to either pipe or tubing, or both.

PLASTIC, THERMOPLASTIC

A plastic which is capable of being repeatedly softened by increase of temperature and hardened by decrease of temperature.

PLASTIC, THERMOSETTING

A plastic which is capable of being changed into a substantially infusible or insoluble product when cured under application of heat or chemical means.

PLENUM

Air compartment or chamber to which one or more ducts are connected and which forms part of an air distribution system.

PLUMBING

The practice, materials and fixtures utilized in the installation, maintenance, extension and alteration of all piping, fixtures, plumbing appliances and plumbing appurtenances, within or adjacent to any structure, in connection with sanitary drainage or storm drainage facilities; venting systems; and public or private water supply systems. Not included in this definition are installations of chilled water piping in connection with refrigeration, process and comfort cooling; hot water piping in connection with building heating; and piping for fire protection systems.

PLUMBING APPLIANCE

Anyone of a special class of plumbing fixtures intended to perform a special function. Included are fixtures having the operation or control dependent on one or more energized components, such as motors, controls, heating elements, or pressure- or temperature-sensing elements. Such fixtures are manually adjusted or controlled by the owner or operator, or are operated automatically through one or more of the following actions: a time cycle, a temperature range, a pressure range, a measured volume or weight.

PLUMBING APPURTENANCE

A manufactured device, prefabricated assembly or an on-the-job assembly of component parts that is an adjunct to the basic piping system and plumbing fixtures. An appurtenance demands no additional water supply and does not add any discharge load to a fixture or to the drainage system.

PLUMBING FIXTURE

A receptacle or device that is either permanently or temporarily connected to the water distribution system of the premises and demands a supply of water there from; discharges waste water, liquid-borne waste materials or sewage either directly or indirectly to the drainage system of the premises; or requires both a water supply connection and a discharge to the drainage system of the premises.

PLUMBING SYSTEM

Includes the water supply and distribution pipes; plumbing fixtures and traps; water-treating or water-using equipment; soil, waste and vent pipes; and sanitary and storm sewers and building drains, in addition to their respective connections, devices and appurtenances within a structure or premises.

POINT OF DELIVERY

The initial junction of the consumers' piping with either the gas company piping extending from the gas main and/or the regulator which reduces the pressure of the undiluted liquefied petroleum gas to the pressure normally delivered to appliances.

POLLUTION

An impairment of the quality of the potable water to a degree that does not create a hazard to the public health but that does adversely and unreasonably affect the aesthetic qualities of such potable waters for domestic use.

POTABLE WATER

Water free from impurities present in amounts sufficient to cause disease or harmful physiological effects and conforming in bacteriological and chemical quality to the requirements of the Public Health Service Drinking Water Standards or the regulations of the public health authority having jurisdiction.

PRIMARY AIR

The air introduced into a burner and mixing with the gas before it reaches the port or ports.

PRIVATE

In the classification of plumbing fixtures, "private" applies to fixtures in residences and apartments, and to fixtures in nonpublic toilet rooms of hotels and motels and similar installations in buildings where the plumbing fixtures are intended for utilization by a family or an individual.

PUBLIC OR PUBLIC UTILIZATION

In the classification of plumbing fixtures, "public" applies to fixtures in general toilet rooms of schools, gymnasiums, hotels, airports, bus and railroad stations, public buildings, bars, public comfort stations, office buildings, stadiums, stores, restaurants, and other installations where a number of fixtures are installed so that their utilization is similarly unrestricted.

PUBLIC WATER MAIN

A water supply pipe for public utilization controlled by public authority.

PURGE

To free a gas conduit of air, gas, or a mixture of gas and air.

QUICK-CLOSING VALVE

A valve or faucet that closes automatically when released manually or that is controlled by a mechanical means for fast-action closing.

QUICK-DISCONNECT DEVICE

A hand-operated device which provides a means for connecting and disconnecting an appliance or an appliance connector to a gas supply and which is equipped with an automatic means to shut off the gas supply when the device is disconnected.

READILY ACCESSIBLE

Having direct access without the need of removing any panel, door or similar covering of the item described, and without requiring the use of portable ladders, chairs, etc.

READY ACCESS

That which enables a fixture, appliance or equipment to be directly reached without requiring the removal or movement of any panel, door or similar obstruction and without the use of a portable ladder, step stool or similar device.

REDUCED PRESSURE PRINCIPLE BACKFLOW PREVENTER

A backflow prevention device consisting of two independently acting check valves, internally force-loaded to a normally closed position and separated by an intermediate chamber (or zone) in which there is an automatic relief means of venting to atmosphere, internally loaded to a normally open position between two tightly closing shutoff valves and with means for testing for tightness of the checks and opening of relief means.

REGISTERED DESIGN PROFESSIONAL

An architect or engineer registered or licensed to practice professional architecture or engineering as defined by the statutory requirements of the professional registration laws of the state in which the project is to be constructed.

REGULATOR

A device for controlling and maintaining a uniform gas supply pressure, either pounds to inches water column (MP Regulator) or inches to inches water column (appliance regulator).

REGULATOR, MP, 2 PSI (13.8 kPa).

A medium pressure regulator which reduces the 2 psi (13.8 kPa) consumers' gas piping pressure to the appliance regulator or to the appliance utilization pressure.

RELIEF OPENING

The opening provided in a draft hood to permit the ready escape to the atmosphere of the flue products from the draft hood in the event of no draft, back draft, or stoppage beyond the draft hood, and to permit air into the draft hood in the event of a strong chimney updraft.

RELIEF VALVE

Pressure relief valve. A pressure-actuated valve held closed by a spring or other means and designed to relieve pressure automatically at the pressure at which such valve is set.

RELIEF VALVE (DEVICE)

A safety valve designed to forestall the development of a dangerous condition by relieving either pressure, temperature, or vacuum in the hot water supply system.

RELIEF VALVE Temperature and pressure.

A combination relief valve designed to function as both a temperature relief and pressure relief valve.

RELIEF VALVE, PRESSURE

An automatic valve which opens and closes a relief vent, depending on whether the pressure is above or below a predetermined value.

RELIEF VALVE, TEMPERATURE

Reseating or self-closing type. An automatic valve which opens and closes a relief vent, depending on whether the temperature is above or below a predetermined value. Temperature relief valve. A temperature-actuated valve designed to discharge automatically at the temperature at which such valve is set.

RELIEF VALVE, VACUUM

An automatic valve which opens and closes a vent for relieving a vacuum within the hot water supply system depending on whether the vacuum is above or below a predetermined value.

RELIEF VENT

A vent whose primary function is to provide circulation of air between drainage and vent systems.

RETURN AIR SYSTEM

An assembly of connected ducts, plenums, fittings, registers, and grilles, through which air from the spaces to be heated or cooled is conducted back to the supply unit. (See also SUPPLY AIR SYSTEM.)

RIM

An unobstructed open edge of a fixture. RISER.  See "Water pipe, riser."

ROOF DRAIN

A drain installed to receive water collecting on the surface of a roof and to discharge such water into a leader or a conductor.

ROOM HEATER

A self-contained gas-burning appliance installed in and for heating rooms. This definition shall not include unit heaters, central heating gas appliances, garage heaters, or vented wall furnaces.

ROUGH-IN

Parts of the plumbing system that are installed prior to the installation of fixtures. This includes drainage, water supply, vent piping and the necessary fixture supports and any fixtures that are built into the structure.

SAFETY SHUTOFF DEVICE

A device that will shut off the gas supply to the controlled burners in the event the source of ignition fails to ignite the gas at the burners. This device may interrupt the flow of gas to the main burners only, or to the pilot and the burners under its supervision.

SECONDARY AIR

The air externally supplied to the flame at the point of combustion.

SELF-CLOSING FAUCET

A faucet containing a valve that automatically closes upon deactivation of the opening means.

SEPARATOR

See "Interceptor."

SERVICE PIPE

The pipe which brings the gas from the gas main to the point of delivery.

SET OUT

See "Final"

SEWAGE

Any liquid waste containing animal or vegetable matter in suspension or solution, including liquids containing chemicals in solution.

SEWAGE EJECTORS

A device for lifting sewage by entraining the sewage in a high-velocity jet of steam, air or water.

SEWER Building

See "Building sewer."

SEWER Public

A common sewer directly controlled by public authority. Sanitary sewer. A sewer that carries sewage and excludes storm, surface and ground water.

SEWER Storm

A sewer that conveys rainwater, surface water, condensate, cooling water or similar liquid wastes.

SLOPE

The fall (pitch) of a line of pipe in reference to a horizontal plane. In drainage, the slope is expressed as the fall in units vertical per units horizontal (percent) for a length of pipe.

SOIL PIPE

A pipe that conveys sewage containing fecal matter to the building drain or building sewer.

SOLVENT WELD

A methoed used to join Plastic pipe by using Cement and Primer.  The cement (glue) used for connecting PVC parts is sticky like standard glue, but  it actually melts the plastic, creating a true weld.

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

As applied to gas, specific gravity is the ratio of the weight of a given volume to that of the same volume of air, both measured under the same condition.

SPILL-PROOF VACUUM BREAKER

An assembly consisting of one check valve force-loaded closed and an air-inlet vent valve force-loaded open to atmosphere, positioned downstream of the check valve, and located between and including two tightly closing shutoff valves and a test cock.

STACK

A general term for any vertical line of soil, waste, vent or inside conductor piping that extends through at least one story with or without offsets.

STACK VENT

The extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest horizontal drain connected to the stack.

STACK VENTING

A method of venting a fixture or fixtures through the soil or waste stack.

STERILIZER Boiling type

A boiling-type sterilizer is a fixture of a nonpressure type utilized for boiling instruments, utensils or other equipment for disinfection. These devices are portable or are connected to the plumbing system.

STERILIZER Instrument

A device for the sterilization of various instruments.

STERILIZER Pressure (autoclave)

A pressure vessel fixture designed to utilize steam under pressure for sterilizing.

STERILIZER Pressure instrument washer sterilizer

A pressure instrument washer sterilizer is a pressure vessel fixture designed to both wash and sterilize instruments during the operating cycle of the fixture.

STERILIZER Utensil

A device for the sterilization of utensils as utilized in health care services.

STERILIZER VENT

A separate pipe or stack, indirectly connected to the building drainage system at the lower terminal, that receives the vapors from non-pressure sterilizers, or the exhaust vapors from pressure sterilizers, and conducts the vapors directly to the open air. Also called vapor, steam, atmospheric or exhaust vent.

STERILIZER Water

A water sterilizer is a device for sterilizing water and storing sterile water.

STOP COCK

See MANUAL SHUTOFF VAL VB.

STORM DRAIN

See "Drainage system, storm."

STRUCTURE

That which is built or constructed or a portion thereof.

SUBSOIL DRAIN

A drain that collects subsurface water or seepage water and conveys such water to a place of disposal.

SUMP

A tank or pit that receives sewage or liquid waste, located below the normal grade of the gravity system and that must be emptied by mechanical means.

SUMP PUMP

An automatic water pump powered by an electric motor for the removal of drainage, except raw sewage, from a sump, pit or low point.

SUMP VENT

A vent from pneumatic sewage ejectors, or similar equipment, that terminates separately to the open air.

SUPPLY AIR SYSTEM

An assembly of connected ducts, plenums, fittings, registers and grilles through which air, heated or cooled, is conducted from the supply unit to the space or spaces to be heated or cooled. (See also RETURN AIR SYSTEM.)

SUPPORTS

Devices for supporting and securing pipe, fixtures and equipment.

SWIMMING POOL

Any structure, basin, chamber or tank containing an artificial body of water for swimming, diving or recreational bathing having a depth of 2 feet (610 mm) or more at any point.

TEMPERED WATER

Water ranging in temperature from 85 F (29 C) to 120 F (49 C).

THERMOSTAT

An automatic device actuated by temperature changes, designed to control the gas supply to a burner, or burners, in order to maintain temperatures between predetermined limits.

TOP OUT

The installation of the plumbing systems before the wall covering goes on.

TRANSITION FITTINGS, PLASTIC TO STEEL

An adapter for joining plastic pipe to steel pipe. The purpose of this fitting is to provide a permanent, pressure tight connection between two materials which cannot be directly joined one to another.

TRAP

A fitting or device that provides a liquid seal to prevent the emission of sewer gases without materially affecting the flow of sewage or waste water through the fitting or device.

TRAP SEAL

The vertical distance between the weir and the top of the dip of the trap.

Tubing

Semi-rigid conduit of copper, aluminum, plastic or steel.

TYPE A DWELLING UNIT

A dwelling unit that is designed and constructed for accessibility in accordance with the provisions of CABO/ANSI AII7 .1.

TYPE B DWELLING UNIT

A dwelling unit that is designed and constructed for accessibility in accordance with the provisions of this chapter or CABO/ANSI A117.1.

UNCONFINED SPACE

A space whose volume is not less than 50 cu ft per 1,000 Btu/hour (4.83 m3/kW) of the aggregate input rating of all appliances installed in that space. Rooms communicating directly with the space in which the appliances are installed, through openings not furnished with doors, are considered a part of the unconfined space.

UNIT HEATER

A self-contained gas-burning appliance of the fan type, designed for the delivery of warm air directly into the space in which the appliance is located.

UNLISTED BOILER

A boiler not listed by a nationally recognized testing agency or a boiler not originally furnished by the manufacturer with integrally assembled gas burner and automatic control devices.

UNMEASURED GAS

Gas which has not passed through and the volume of which has not been registered by a meter, or gas which has not otherwise been measured, such as by liquid volume or weight.

UNSTABLE GROUND

Earth that does not provide a uniform bearing for the barrel of the sewer pipe between the joints at the bottom of the pipe trench.

UNUSUALLY TIGHT CONSTRUCTION

Construction meeting the following requirements: Walls and ceilings exposed to the outside atmosphere have a continuous water vapor retarder with a rating of one perm (57.4 ng/s .m2 .Pa) or less with openings gasketed or sealed, and Storm windows or weather-stripping on open able windows and doors, and Caulking or sealants applied to areas such as joints around window and door frames, between sole plates and floors, between wall-ceiling joints, between wall panels, at penetrations for plumbing, electrical, and gas lines, and at other openings.

UNVENTED ROOM HEATER

An unvented self-contained, free standing, nonrecessed (except as defined under ALL WEATHER, UNVENTED CLOSED FRONT), gas-burning appliance for furnishing warm air by gravity or fan circulation to the space in which installed directly from the heater without duct connection.

URINAL

Water-flushed plumbing fixture designed to receive only liquid waste which is conveyed through a trap seal into a gravity drainage system.

VACUUM

Any pressure less than that exerted by the atmosphere.

VACUUM BREAKER

A type of backflow preventer installed on openings subject to normal atmospheric pressure that prevents backflow by admitting atmospheric pressure through ports to the discharge side of the device. Device which opens when a vacuum occurs to prevent the backward flow of water in a supply line and contamination of the potable water supply.

VALVE

See MANUAL SHUTOFF VAL VB.

VALVE LUBRICATED PLUG TYPE

A valve of the plug and barrel type provided with means for maintaining a lubricant between the bearing surfaces.

VALVE MAIN BURNER CONTROL

A valve which controls the gas supply to the main burner manifold.

VALVE MANUAL SHUTOFF

A valve (or cock) of the plug and barrel type designed for use with gas, operated manually to control or shut off the supply of gas.

VENT

A passageway for conveying flue gases from fuel-burning appliances, or their vent connectors, to the outside atmosphere.

VENT CONNECTOR

That portion of the vent system which connects the gas appliance to the gas vent or chimney.

VENT DAMPER DEVICE, AUTOMATIC

A device intended for installation in the venting system, in the outlet of or downstream of the appliance draft hood, of an individual automatically operated fuel-gas burning appliance and which is designed to automatically open the venting system when the appliance is in operation and to automatically close off the venting system when the appliance is in a standby or shutdown condition.

VENT DAMPER DEVICE, AUTOMATIC Electrically operated

employs electrical energy to control the device.

VENT DAMPER DEVICE, AUTOMATIC Mechanically actuated

dependent for operation upon the direct application or transmission of mechanical energy without employing any type of energy conversion.

VENT DAMPER DEVICE, AUTOMATIC Thermally actuated

dependent for operation exclusively upon the direct conversion of the thermal energy of the vent gases into mechanical energy.

VENT GASES

Products of combustion from gas appliances plus excess air plus dilution air in the vent connector, gas vent or chimney above the draft hood or draft regulator.

VENT PIPE

See "Vent system."

VENT STACK

A vertical vent pipe installed primarily for the purpose of providing circulation of air to and from any part of the drainage system.

VENT SYSTEM GAS

A continuous open passageway from the flue collar or draft hood of a gas-burning appliance to the outside atmosphere for the purpose of removing flue or vent gases. A venting system is usually composed of a vent or a chimney and vent connector, if used, assembled to form the open passageway.

VENT SYSTEM SEWER

A pipe or pipes installed to provide a flow of air to or from a drainage system, or to provide a circulation of air within such system to protect trap seals from siphonage and backpressure.

VENTED APPLIANCE Category I

An appliance which operates with a nonpositive vent static pressure and with a vent gas temperature above a value, both measured as specified in the appropriate nationally recognized appliance standard. They can be either draft hood equipped or fan-assisted combustion system appliances.

VENTED APPLIANCE Category II

An appliance which operates with a nonpositive vent static pressure and with a vent gas temperature below a value, both measured as specified in the appropriate nationally recognized appliance standard.

VENTED APPLIANCE Category III

An appliance which operates with a positive vent static pressure and with a vent gas temperature above a value, both measured as specified in the appropriate nationally recognized appliance standard.

VENTED APPLIANCE Category IV

An appliance which operates with a positive vent static pressure and with a vent gas temperature below a value, both measured as specified in the appropriate nationally recognized appliance standard.

VENTED ROOM HEATER

A vented self-contained, free standing, nonrecessed, gas-burning appliance for furnishing warm air to the space in which installed, directly from the heater without duct connections.

VENTED WALL FURNACE (RECESSED HEATER)

A self-contained vented appliance complete with grilles or equivalent, designed for incorporation in or permanent attachment to the structure of a building, mobile home or travel trailer, and furnishing heated air circulated by gravity or by a fan directly into the space to be heated through openings in the casing. Such appliances shall not be provided with duct extensions beyond the vertical and horizontal limits of the casing proper, except that boots not to exceed 10 inches (254 mm) beyond the horizontal limits of the casing for extension through walls of normal thickness may be permitted. Where such boots are provided they shall be supplied by the manufacturer as an integral part of the appliance and tested as such. This definition shall exclude floor furnaces, unit heaters and central furnaces as herein defined.

VERTICAL PIPE

Any pipe or fitting that makes an angle of 45 degrees (0.79 rad) or more with the horizontal.

WALL HEATER, UNVENTED CLOSED FRONT

An unvented room heater of the circulator type, having a closed front, for insertion in or attachment to a wall or partition. It incorporates no concealed venting arrangements in its construction and discharges all products of combustion through the front into the room being heated.

WALL HEATER, UNVENTEDTVPE

A room heater of the type designed for insertion in or attachment to a wall or partition. It incorporates no concealed venting arrangements in its construction and discharges all products of combustion through the front into the room being heated.

WALL HUNG WATER CLOSET

A wall-mounted water closet installed in such a way that the fixture does not touch the floor.

WASTE

The discharge from any fixture, appliance, area or appurtenance that does not contain fecal matter.

Water distribution pipe

A pipe within the structure or on the premises that conveys water from the water service pipe, or from the meter when the meter is at the structure, to the points of utilization.

WATER HAMMER

A rattling of pipes that may occur from the hammer effect of stopping the flow of water through a high-flow faucet unless the required hammer supressor devices are installed.

WATER HAMMER ARRESTOR

A device utilized to absorb the pressure surge (water hammer) that occurs when water flow is suddenly stopped in a water supply system.

WATER HEATER

Any heating appliance or equipment that heats potable water and supplies such water to the potable hot water distribution system.

WATER HEATERS Automatic instantaneous

The type which heats the water as it is drawn.

WATER HEATERS Automatic storage

The type which combines a water heating element and water storage tank, gas to the main burner being controlled by a thermostat.

WATER HEATERS Circulating or tank.

Manually controlled type usually connected to the ordinary hot water tank.

WATER MAIN

A water supply pipe or system of pipes, installed and maintained by a city, township, county, public utility company or other public entity, on public property, in the street or in an approved dedicated easement of public or community use.

WATER OUTLET

A discharge opening through which water is supplied to a fixture, into the atmosphere (except into an open tank that is part of the water supply system), to a boiler or heating system, or to any devices or equipment requiring water to operate but which are not part of the plumbing system.

WATER PIPE, Riser

A water supply pipe that extends one full story or more to convey water to branches or to a group of fixtures.

Water service pipe

The pipe from the water main or other source of potable water supply, or from the meter when the meter is at the public right of way, to the water distribution system of the building served.

WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

The water service pipe, water distribution pipes, and the necessary connecting pipes, fittings, control valves and all appurtenances in or adjacent to the structure or premises. The flow of water or other liquids, mixtures or substances into the distribution pipes of a potable water supply from any source except the intended source

WAX RING

A toilet bowl gasket designed to form a seal between the toilet base and the floor or closet flange. It typically fits over either a 3" or 4" outlet, is wide enough to fill modest gaps.

WELL - Bored

A well constructed by boring a hole in the ground with an auger and installing a casing.

WELL - Drilled

A well constructed by making a hole in the ground with a drilling machine of any type and installing casing and screen.

WELL - Driven

A well constructed by driving a pipe in the ground. The drive pipe is usually fitted with a well point and screen.

WELL - Dug

A well constructed by excavating a large diameter shaft and installing a casing.

WHIRLPOOL BATHTUB

A plumbing appliance consisting of a bathtub fixture that is equipped and fitted with a circulating piping system designed to accept, circulate and discharge bathtub water upon each use.

YARD LINE

The section of consumers' piping and fittings extending from the point of delivery to the house piping.

YOKE VENT

A pipe connecting upward from a soil or waste stack to a vent stack for the purpose of preventing pressure changes in the stacks.